NeuStar, Inc. provides technology and directory services to its communications service provider (carrier) and non-carrier, commercial business customers worldwide. The company operates in three segments: Carrier Services, Enterprise Services, and Information Services. The Carrier Services segment offers numbering, order management, and Internet Protocol (IP) services through its set of databases and system infrastructure in geographically dispersed data centers. It also facilitates order management and work flow processing among carriers, and allows operators to manage and optimize the addressing and routing of IP communications. The Enterprise Services segment provides Internet infrastructure and registry services. It offers a suite of domain name system services to enterprise customers through its global directory platform, including registry services; and manages directories of similar resources, or addresses. This segment also provides fixed IP geolocation services that help enterprises identify the location of their online consumers for various purposes, such as fraud prevention and marketing. In addition, it offers directory services for the 5 and 6-digit number strings used for the U.S. common short codes, which is part of the short messaging service relied upon by the U.S. wireless industry. The Information Services segment provides on-demand solutions that help carriers and enterprises identify, verify, score, and locate customers and prospective customers. The company serves traditional providers of communications, including local exchange carriers, competitive local exchange carriers, wireless service providers, and long distance carriers. It also serves emerging communication service providers and providers of VoIP services, as well as customers who are either enablers of Internet services or providers of information and content to Internet and telephone users. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Sterling, Virginia.